Contoh Percakapan/Cerita5 General Fact, 5 Daily Activities dan 5 Habit (Daily Habit) (English)

General Knowledge

1.                   Elephant

Elephants are large mammals of the family Elephantidae and the order Proboscidea. Two species are traditionally recognised, the African elephant(Loxodonta africana) and theAsian elephant (Elephas maximus), although some evidence suggests that African bush elephants and African forest elephants are separate species (L. africana andL. cyclotis respectively). Elephants are scattered throughout sub-Saharan Africa,South Asia, and Southeast Asia. Elephantidae is the only surviving family of the order Proboscidea; other, now extinct, members of the order includedeinotheres, gomphotheres,mammoths, and mastodons. Male African elephants are the largest extant terrestrial animalsand can reach a height of 4 m (13 ft) and weigh 7,000 kg (15,000 lb). All elephants have several distinctive features the most notable of which is a long trunk or proboscis, used for many purposes, particularly breathing, lifting water and grasping objects. Their incisorsgrow into tusks, which can serve as weapons and as tools for moving objects and digging. Elephants' large ear flaps help to control their body temperature. Theirpillar-like legs can carry their great weight. African elephants have larger ears and concave backs while Asian elephants have smaller ears and convex or level backs.

Elephants are herbivorous and can be found in different habitats including savannahs, forests, deserts and marshes. They prefer to stay near water. They are considered to be keystone species due to their impact on their environments. Other animals tend to keep their distance; predators such as lions, tigers, hyenas and wild dogs usually target only the young elephants (or "calves"). Females ("cows") tend to live in family groups, which can consist of one female with her calves or several related females with offspring. The groups are led by an individual known as the matriarch, often the oldest cow. Elephants have a fission-fusion society in which multiple family groups come together to socialise. Males ("bulls") leave their family groups when they reach puberty, and may live alone or with other males. Adult bulls mostly interact with family groups when looking for a mate and enter a state of increased testosterone and aggression known as musth, which helps them gain dominance and reproductive success. Calves are the centre of attention in their family groups and rely on their mothers for as long as three years. Elephants can live up to 70 years in the wild. They communicate by touch, sight, smell and sound; elephants useinfrasound, and seismic communication over long distances. Elephant intelligence has been compared with that of primates and cetaceans. They appear to have self-awareness and show empathy for dying or dead individuals of their kind.

African elephants are listed as vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), while the Asian elephant is classed asendangered. One of the biggest threats to elephant populations is theivory trade, as the animals are poached for their ivory tusks. Other threats to wild elephants include habitat destruction and conflicts with local people. Elephants are used as working animals in Asia. In the past they were used in war; today, they are often put on display in zoos and circuses. Elephants are highly recognisable and have been featured in art, folklore, religion, literature and popular culture.

2.                  Giraffe.

The giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) is an Africaneven-toed ungulate mammal, the tallest living terrestrial animal and the largest ruminant. Itsspecies name refers to itscamel-like shape and itsleopard-like colouring. Its chief distinguishing characteristics are its extremely long neck and legs, its horn-like ossicones, and its distinctive coat patterns. It is classified under the familyGiraffidae, along with its closest extant relative, the okapi. The nine subspecies are distinguished by their coat patterns.

The giraffe's scattered range extends from Chad in the north to South Africa in the south, and from Niger in the west toSomalia in the east. Giraffes usually inhabit savannas,grasslands, and openwoodlands. Their primary food source is acacia leaves, which they browse at heights most other herbivores cannot reach. Giraffes are preyed on by lions; their calves are also targeted byleopards, spotted hyenas, andwild dogs. Adult giraffes do not have strong social bonds, though they do gather in loose aggregations if they happen to be moving in the same general direction. Males establish social hierarchies through "necking", which are combat bouts where the neck is used as a weapon.Dominant males gain mating access to females, which bear the sole responsibility for raising the young.

The giraffe has intrigued various cultures, both ancient and modern, for its peculiar appearance, and has often been featured in paintings, books, and cartoons. It is classified by theInternational Union for Conservation of Nature as Least Concern, but has been extirpated from many parts of its former range, and some subspecies are classified as Endangered. Nevertheless, giraffes are still found in numerous national parks and game reserves.

3.                  Lion

The lion (Panthera leo) is one of the five big cats in the genus Panthera and a member of the familyFelidae. The commonly used term African lioncollectively denotes the several subspecies found in Africa. With some males exceeding 250 kg (550 lb) in weight,^[4] it is the second-largest living cat after thetiger. Wild lions currently exist in sub-Saharan Africaand in Asia (where anendangered remnant population resides in Gir Forest National Park in India) while other types of lions have disappeared from North Africa andSouthwest Asia in historic times. Until the latePleistocene, about 10,000 years ago, the lion was the most widespread large land mammal afterhumans. They were found in most of Africa, across Eurasia from western Europe to India, and in the Americas from the Yukon toPeru.^[5] The lion is avulnerable species, having seen a major population decline in its African range of 30–50% per two decades during the second half of the 20th century.^[2] Lion populations are untenable outside designated reserves and national parks. Although the cause of the decline is not fully understood, habitat loss and conflicts with humans are currently the greatest causes of concern. Within Africa, the West African lionpopulation is particularly endangered.

In the wild, males seldom live longer than 10 to 14 years, as injuries sustained from continual fighting with rival males greatly reduce their longevity.^[6] In captivity they can live more than 20 years. They typically inhabitsavanna and grassland, although they may take tobush and forest. Lions are unusually social compared to other cats. A pride of lions consists of related females and offspring and a small number of adult males. Groups of female lions typically hunt together, preying mostly on largeungulates. Lions are apexand keystone predators, although they are also expert scavengers obtaining over 50 percent of their food by scavenging as opportunity allows. While lions do not typically hunt humans, some have. Sleeping mainly during the day, lions are active primarily at night (nocturnal), although sometimes at twilight (crepuscular).^[7][8]

Highly distinctive, the male lion is easily recognised by its mane, and its face is one of the most widely recognised animal symbols in humanculture. Depictions have existed from the Upper Paleolithic period, with carvings and paintings from the Lascaux and Chauvet Caves, through virtually all ancient and medieval cultures where they once occurred. It has been extensively depicted in sculptures, in paintings, on national flags, and in contemporary films and literature. Lions have been kept inmenageries since the time of the Roman Empire, and have been a key species sought for exhibition in zoos over the world since the late eighteenth century. Zoos are cooperating worldwide in breeding programs for the endangered Asiatic subspecies.

4.                  Grasshopper

Grasshoppers are insects of the order Orthoptera, suborderCaelifera. They are sometimes referred to as short-horned grasshoppers to distinguish them from the katydids (bush crickets) which have much longer antennae. They are typically ground-dwelling insects with powerful hind legs which enable them to escape from threats by leaping vigorously. They are hemimetabolousinsects (do not undergocomplete metamorphosis) which hatch from an egg into a nymphor "hopper" which undergoes five moults, becoming more similar to the adult insect at each developmental stage. At high population densities and under certain environmental conditions, some grasshopper species can change colour and behaviour and form swarms. Under these circumstances they are known as locusts.

Grasshoppers are plant-eaters, sometimes becoming seriouspests of cereals, vegetables and pasture, especially when they swarm in their millions as locusts and destroy crops over wide areas. They protect themselves from predators by camouflage; when detected, many species attempt to startle the predator with a brilliantly-coloured wing-flash while jumping and (if adult) launching themselves into the air, usually flying for only a short distance. Other species such as the rainbow grasshopper have warning coloration which deters predators. Grasshoppers are affected by parasites and various diseases, and many predatory creatures feed on both nymphs and adults. The eggs are the subject of attack byparasitoids and predators.

Grasshoppers have had a long relationship with humans. Swarms of locusts have had dramatic effects that have changed the course of history, and even in smaller numbers grasshoppers can be serious pests. They are eaten as food and also feature in art, symbolism and literature.

5.                  Penguin

Penguins (orderSphenisciformes, familySpheniscidae) are a group ofaquatic, flightless birds living almost exclusively in theSouthern Hemisphere, especially in Antarctica. Highly adapted for life in the water, penguins havecountershaded dark and whiteplumage, and their wings have evolved into flippers. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squidand other forms of sealife caught while swimming underwater. They spend about half of their lives on land and half in the oceans.

Although all penguin species are native to the Southern Hemisphere, they are not found only in cold climates, such as Antarctica. In fact, only a few species of penguin live so far south. Several species are found in the temperate zone, and one species, the Galápagos penguin, lives near the equator.

The largest living species is theemperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri): on average adults are about 1.1 m (3 ft 7 in) tall and weigh 35 kg (77 lb) or more. The smallest penguin species is thelittle blue penguin (Eudyptula minor), also known as the fairy penguin, which stands around 40 cm (16 in) tall and weighs 1 kg (2.2 lb). Among extant penguins, larger penguins inhabit colder regions, while smaller penguins are generally found in temperate or even tropical climates (see alsoBergmann's rule). Someprehistoric species attained enormous sizes, becoming as tall or as heavy as an adult human. These were not restricted to Antarctic regions; on the contrary, subantarctic regions harboured high diversity, and at least one giant penguin occurred in a region not quite 2,000 km south of the equator 35 mya, in a climate decidedly warmer than today.

Daily Habit / Routines

1.       My Daily Activity

        Everyday, I usually get up early in the morning at 05.00 a.m. I pray Subuh, read Al-Qur’an and clean my bedroom. At 05.45 a.m. I brush my teeth and take a bath. Then I put onmy uniform, have breakfast and sometimes watch the news or cartoon on TV. I go to school at 06.30 a.m. I usually go to school by bicycle. My class begins at 07.00 a.m. I’m in class from 07.00 a.m. to 01.00 p.m. My school takes a rest at 10.00 a.m. I usually go to the library for reading and student’s canteen with the others for having snacks. At 10.45 a.m. I go to class and continue my subjects. Around 01.00 p.m. the bell rings. It tells us that our class is over. Ireturn home. I arrive home at 01.30 p.m. Next, I put off my uniform and change to clothes. Later, I pray Dzuhur, have lunch, and take TPA. At 03.00 p.m. I pray Ashar then I take English/MIPA course. I go to course by bicycle. My class begins at 04.00 p.m. I’m in class from 04.00 to 05.30. Around 05.45 p.m. I arrive home. I brush my teeth and take a bath. Then I pray Maghrib with my parents. At 07.00 p.m. I have dinner and after that don’t forget to pray Isya’, prepare my subjects for tomorrow, study and sometimes watch TV. Then, I go to bed at 09.00 p.m.

2.      Daily Activities

I always get up at 5 am every morning. I press the snooze button three times every morning before I turn off the alarm on my handphone and wake up. I have a cup of tea and have breakfast. I usually watch television while I have breakfast. My children like to take a bath after they have breakfast but I like to take a bath before I have breakfast. My wife usually brushes her hair and wear a veil. I have short hair so I don’t need to comb my hair.After I have finished work, I go home to have dinner. In my house we usually make dinner. The family eat dinner together at 6:30 pm. After dinner I make sure that my children study and do their homework, and then I relax on the sofa and watch television. On television I usually watch the funny programs. My wife usually comes to tell me to wash the dishes or throw the rubbish. My children feed the cat and hamster before they go to bed and I tell them to go to the bathroom first. If we are sick we have to take our medication. Before sleeping, I always wear my pajamas and set the alarm so I get up early in the morning. The last things I do is locked the gate and the door, check my children and go to bed.

3.      Daily Activities

Every day I usually wake up in the morning. I always start my habit to wake up early. I usually get up at 5:00 and immediately smoothed my bed. after that I started helping mom in the kitchen like cooking. after that around 05:30 I had a shower immediately. straight out of the shower I use the uniform after uniform I use breakfast directly after breakfast, I use the shoes and immediately rushed to the school. In school until I met with my friends after I save the bags and take a broom to sweep the school grounds. After that, I immediately prepared to march and sembayang. then me and my friends go straight into the classroom for a lesson. After recess bell rang, I and my friends and the rest to buy food and drinks in the cafeteria. then we went back to the last studying. After school I change clothes and rest.

4.      I have habitual action that I do everyday. This is my daily activities:

I get up early at 04.45 a.m in the morning. After get up, the first I do is turn lamp on, turn the alarm off, and charge my phone. Leter, I drink mineral water. At 04.50 a.m I go to bathroom, I brought the towel into bathroom. after that I put off my uniform, I brush my teeth, brush my hair, and clean my body with soap. At 05.05 a.m I finished bathing, I go to bedroom for put on uniform, and comb my hair. After that  I go back to bathroom for take a ritual ablution. And I go back to bedroom for  pray subuh.  after that I  have a breakfast in diningroom while watch television until 07.00 a.m. After that I press the snooze button. And I wake up at 9 a.m. later I prepare my subject for today. After that I go to bathroom for bath again, until 09.30 a.m I go to campus by motocycle for about 6.6 miles from my home. I came to campus at 09.45 a.m. my class begins at 10 a.m. While waiting for the leacture, I  chatt with my friends in my class. When the leacture came in, we were all silent and listen to leacture teaching until at 11.30 a.m. ater that I go to dormitory my friend behind of the campus. I take a rest in there until 12.00 p.m. After that I go to mosque with my friends for pray dzuhur  for about 100 meter from dormitory. After come to mosque I take a ritual ablution and then I pray with other people,  at 12.45 p.m I  finished praying. I go back to dormitory, I have lunch with my friends until at 01.00 p.m. after that I go to campus for follow the second lesson until at 03.00 p.m. after that I go to home. When I came to my home, I take a bath, and than pray ashar. At 04.00 I help my perents, I clean my bedroom. At 06.00 p.m I pray magrib after that I have a dinner with my family in diningroom. At 07.30 p.m I pray isya. At 08.00 i work my assignment in my bedroom until at 09.00 p.m. after that I watch television. And I sleep at 10.00 p.m.

5.      Daily Activities 
Every morning I wake up at 4.30 am, after that I clean up the room and prayers. 05:55 hours I was helping my parents clean the house and preparing breakfast. at 6:20 I showered and prepared textbooks. immediately after that I eat breakfast, then after hours of 7:10 I said goodbye to their parents to go to school. I went to school with my friends. 
Around the clock 01:30 senoir high school 1 Liwa students had gone home. approximately 01:40 hours I had reached home. I immediately changed clothes after noon prayers. I finished praying directly to lunch. 
approximately 03:00 hours I was watching tv. then at 3:30 pm I pray Asr. after the Asr prayer I learned (sometimes). 04:50 hours and after that I bathe my evening walk with my nephew. 
Approximately 6:10 pm I pray Maghrib, then read the Quran. then I went back to watching tv and call my girlfriend. 07:45 hours I immediately prayed evening prayer and see if there is homework or not. 
Approximately 09:40 hours I sleep because it was getting late

At Present

1.       Galuh : " Uh ... Lis , ye know not when the flood happened lately

due to human activity . "

Lisa : ( seem to think ) "You mean that human activities like cutting

trees indiscriminately without holding reforestation ? "

Galuh : "Yes ! ( thumbs ) I wonder why they are still

Just cutting down forests , but already knew would be fatal . "

Lisa: " Come on , do not think of them ! Better us

in anticipation of flooding and landslides that does not happen again ! "

Galuh : "How , Lis ? "

Lisa: "We cultivate the land around us with herbs . besides

can absorb water , the air around it will definitely be clean! "

Galuh : "I agree , doh! What if we also planted trees in

our school environment ? "

Lisa: " That sounds good ! Tomorrow we are talking with friends and Bu

Wanda first. "

Galuh : " Okay ! "

2.      Tania: Hi Tasya, how are you today?

Tasya: I’m good. What are you bringing?

Tania: I’m bringing some new apple which I bought from the market.

Tasya: Are you going to the market every morning?

Tania: No, I just go to the market once every 3 days. What are you doing Tasya?

Tasya: I want to sweep. Every morning, I always sweep the floor.

Tania: Do you clean the dishes also?

Tasya: Yes, I also do that. How about you, what do you do in the morning?

Tania: I help my mom cook and take care my brother. After that, I get ready to go to school.

Tasya: But, why don’t you keep your brother today?

Tania: My sister is sick and my mom told me to go to the market while she is keeping sister now.

Tasya: Oh, I see. Hey, Math homework should be collected tomorrow. Have you finished it?

Tania: I’ve done. Every night I study so that after the teacher gave me homework, then I work for it in the evenings.

Tasya: Nice Tania. I also have done it. But, I always to study in the afternoon, while I take a rest and watch TV at night.

Tania: I think it’s not a good idea to study in the afternoon, because in the afternoon I prefer to play with my friends. Tasya, I have to go because my mother is waiting at home.

Tasya: Ok, see you tomorrow at school.

3.      DAILY CONVERSATION / PERCAKAPAN SEHARI-HARI

Going to Uncle’s House

A : William B : Erick

A : Hello… Erick..!?
B : Oh, hello William.. How are you ?
A : I’m fine. Thank you. How about you ?
B : I’m fine, too. You bring a lot of things. Where do you want to go, anyway ?
A : I want to go to my uncle’s house.
B : Oh, I see.
A : Yes, tomorrow is my uncle’s birthday.
B : Really..!?
A : Yes Erick.
B : And have you buy something special for your uncle?
A : Yes, I have.
B : May I know, what is it?
A : Of course. I bought a very good wallet. Made in Italy.
B : Wow… Your uncle must be happy to receive it.
A : I hope so.
B : By the way, are you alone to go there?
A : Yes, I am.
B : If you don’t mind, I can escort you till there by car.
A : Are you serious…!?
B : Yes, I am.
A : It takes about 2 hours, you know.
B : It’s okay, william.
A : You are very kind to me. Thank you so much, Erick.
B : You are my friend. And don’t be silly.
A : Oh, okay. Please, forgive me.
B : Then, shall we go now?
A : OK.
B : Good. Let’s go now.

4.      Anna : Hi, I am new comer here. I am Anna Stacy. You can call me Anna.
Dhila : Hi Anna. I am Dhila. Nice to meet you.
Anna : Nice to meet you too. Anyway, do you have a leisure time to talk to me?
Dhila : Of course I have Ann. I am sure you need my guidance to live here hehe.
Anna : Yup, you’re right. Hei Dhil, you know, I really love hiking. What is the most famous mountain here?
Dhila : Oh God. We have the same hobby. I do love too. Hmm you must be loving to climb the Wilis Mountain. It’s not so far from here. There you’ll find the beautiful view. Especially in Edelweiss flower garden.
Anna : Wow, really?? It sounds so wonderful. Let’s go there Dhil!
Dhila : Ok. We go hiking there on next holiday.
Anna : I am waiting!

5.      Pencil Sharpener

Andrew: Excuse me, Dewi. Do you bring pencil sharpener? 

Dewi: Yes, I bring it. Here you are.

Andrew: Thanks, I borrow for a moment. Mine is brought by my younger brother. 

Dewi: Yup, just use it bro.

Andrew: How much did you buy it, Dew? 

Dewi: It’s just a thousand rupiahs. 

Andrew: Hm..mm not too expensive. Can you buy two for me, please? And here is the money.

Dewi: Sure. I will buy it for you this afternoon.

Andrew: Thank you. 

Dewi: Anytime. 

 Sumber = Wikipedia dan Website - website lainnya